Power, Idealism, and Governance: A Critical Analysis of Girish Karnad’s Tughlaq as a Reflection of Historical and Contemporary Political Realities

Girish Karnad's Tughlaq is a seminal work in Indian theatre that explores the intricate dynamics of power, idealism, and governance through the historical figure of Muhammad bin Tughlaq, a 14th-century Sultan of Delhi. This study examines Karnad's portrayal of Tughlaq as a ruler whose visionary yet impractical policies led to chaos and disillusionment. The play serves as a critique of political leadership, highlighting the tension between idealism and pragmatism, and the consequences of unchecked ambition. By analysing the themes of power, religious conflict, and governance, this paper underscores the play's relevance to contemporary socio-political contexts. Karnad's Tughlaq emerges as a timeless allegory, offering profound insights into the challenges of leadership and the human condition.