PHARMACOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF BIOLOGICAL DRUGS FOR THE TREATMENT OF POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER

Aim. To analyze the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic features of the latest biologics for the correction of posttraumatic stress disorder, and to assess their therapeutic potential for personalized medicine. Materials and Мethods. The study employs general scientific approaches, including analysis, synthesis, and abstraction of scientific papers related to neurobiology, psychopharmacology, and microbiology, which were identified through an Internet search using the electronic databases Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Results. PTSD is associated with dysregulation of neurotransmitter systems, hyperactivity of the amygdala, reduced activity of the prefrontal cortex, and disorders of the gut-brain axis. The latest biologics, such as BNC210, which modulates the cholinergic system, and probiotics (Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium), which affect the microbiome, demonstrate high efficacy. Biologics have a rapid onset of action (6–8 weeks for probiotics) and minimal side effects. However, high cost and limited clinical trial data are significant barriers. Conclusions. Biologics offer new perspectives for the treatment of PTSD due to their unique mechanisms of action and safety. Their potential in personalized medicine, in particular through modulation of the individual microbiome, is promising. Further research and optimization of dosage will facilitate the integration of biologics into standard treatment protocols, improving treatment efficacy and quality of life for patients.