Nature, Memory, and Political Trauma in Agha Shahid Ali’s Poetry: An Ecocritical Reading

Agha Shahid Ali uses a lot of natural imagery in his poems about Kashmir. It helps him talk about memory and exile, and also the political trauma there. I am looking at how nature shows up in his work, not just as some pretty background, but more like it is watching everything that happened, the violence and all. The framework I am using is ecocriticism, mixed with postcolonial theory. It seems like that fits because Ali is dealing with both the land and the history of oppression. In poems from The Country Without a Post Office, and some others, the landscapes and seasons carry this emotional weight, like they hold onto the cultural memories. Close readings show how ecological metaphors do that, turning nature into something that remembers. I situate Ali in this postcolonial ecocriticism thing by looking at critics like Cheryll Glotfelty, Lawrence Buell, Rob Nixon. They help explain it. The paper, well, it's written in straightforward academic style, but the main point is how environmental stuff and human pain are all tied together in Ali's poetry. He makes the land a place for mourning, remembrance, and resisting, I think. That part gets a bit messy to unpack fully.