Strategies for Migrating Monolithic Software Systems to a Microservice Architecture

The article examines strategies for migrating monolithic software systems to a microservice architecture amid increasing demands for modularity, scalability, and integration in corporate and industrial environments. The study integrates findings on legacy system modernization, the use of modular monoliths as an intermediate form, stepwise component replacement patterns, ontology-based service identification methods, automated decomposition models, practices of polyglot persistence, and operational characteristics of microservice platforms. The analysis shows that migration strategies emerge within a multi-component structure in which the formal basis of methods, the quality of input artifacts, the degree of automation, and the operational context jointly determine service boundaries, the distribution of data responsibilities, and the risk profile. Based on a comparison of approaches, a conceptual migration framework is proposed that links method selection to the requirements of governmental, cloud, and industrial environments, demonstrating that the success of the transition is shaped not by any single technique but by a managed combination of methods and the phased restructuring of data, interactions, and operational processes. The article argues that disregarding architectural trade-offs associated with network latency, distributed consistency, and increased security complexity leads to biased risk assessment and reduced controllability of system evolution. The findings may be useful for architects, engineers, and decision-makers planning the transition from monolithic solutions to microservice architectures in corporate and industrial contexts.