Assess The Degree Of Genetic Divergence Among Sixteen Complexes Genetically Wheat Bread Using Ssr Indicators

Abstract laboratory study was carried out to 1 identify the efficient primers which can be used to detect alleles2 estimate the degree of diversity among the studied genotypes and 3 determinate the suitable genotypes which show high degree of diversity in order to improve the economic characters in the local genotypes. The present study was conduct at Nebraska University Field Crop 26 Horticulture Department during summer 2013. Ten selected simple sequence repeat SSR marker sets were evaluated in a total of sixteen accessions of bread wheat Triticum aestivum twelve of which have been introduced from Mexico two from USA and two were local genotypes Latifya and Ibah 95.All the 10 markers were polymorphic and produced 45 alleles average 4.5. The gmw480 marker had higher percentage of frequency while xgwm132 and gmw32 markers had lowest percentage of frequency therefore they showed high efficiency in categorizing the studied genotypes. The PIC values were 0.32 for gmw480 and 0.99 for xgwm132 26 gmw32 and gmw 32 markers average 0.86. The dissimilarity coefficient diversity ranged between 0.2 for BW3-983026 BW3-9832 genotypes and 1.0 for many genotypes average 0.80. The highest dissimilarity coefficient for the introduced genotypes was 0.97 for genotype BW49398 while the lowest value was 0.71 for genotype CW15-6732. According to the cluster analysis the studied genotypes distributed into two major groups. The group I and II consist of four and three sub-groups respectively. A recommendation was made to take advantage of the divergent genotypes in the breeding program.