Secure Communication Using Encryption, Challenges and Open Issues

Security is the fundamental concern in information systems and the data they carry that can be in either one of the three states: stationary or in transit or being processed. Institutions usually use computer systems that form part of the Internet/internet to carry their data thus making it vulnerable to attacks. In this paper we look at providing security using encryption to protect data/information. Different types of encryption schemes and cryptographic services are surveyed. Steps to create a cryptographic scheme are illustrated. Merit/demerits of the schemes, challenges and open issues in this area of cryptography are highlighted.