The structure of the solidified metal as an inherited property of the chemical composition of the liquid melt

It is found that when melting steel in an electric furnace to melt components acting upon the inherited structure of the solidified metal depends on its chemical compo-sition. The experiments were performed in a 20 - ton electric arc furnace for smelting peritectic steel of the following composition: 0.17 - 0.25 С%; 0,90 - 1,4 Mn%; 0,30 -0,50 Si%; ? 0,030 S%; ? 0,040 P%; ? 0,30 Cr%; ? 0,30 Ni%; ? 0,60 Cu%; 0,07-0,13 V%. For metallographic studies all samples were subjected to standard metal annealing to eliminate the influence of microstructure on inherited sufficiently rapid cooling from the liquid state. From annealed samples prepared Micro-sections that etched in a 4% solution of nitric acid. With an increase from 100 to 500-fold sections were examined on an optical binocular microscope brands Axio Imagez A2m (production of the German company Zeis AG). The microscope is equipped with a computer, which allows for solving metallurgical problems with the help of a special program Thixomet Pro from thin sections to determine its metal phase composition by percentage of ferrite and pearlite. This paper considers the deviations we obtained from the equilibrium state structures. Develop indicators of stability of ferrites steel structure using the electro negativity of elements. First de-veloped an indicator of stability structure of mild steel in content of ferrite in it. It can be used in controlling the metal structure in the desired direction within the grade composition