BUILDING FAÇADE MATERIALS AND THEIR ECOLOGICAL IMPACT - COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF URBAN LEVEL REFERRING TO RAPID DEVELOPMENT CONSTRUCTION IN ALBANIA

Surveys in recent decades on materials applied in buildings indicate clearly for sustainable materials as a long term solution. Initially applying these materials in suburban areas with specific climatic conditions and for temporary use buildings. Nowadays we find ourselves in front of applications of sustainable materials also for polluted urban areas. Sustainable materials applied in residential buildings, multi-storey buildings, commercial buildings, and not only but also in urban areas as a cover of urban spaces, urban connections etc. Wood and greenery are dominating building facades of recent decades in the world. But which is the situation that characterizes material choices in building constructions for the last two decades in our country? What is currently happening with the selection of materials in building construction and building facades in our capital city as a metropolitan one? Multi-storey buildings before the 90s speak clearly for the massive use of brick as a constructive material and facades materials. While buildings after the 90s clearly represent the “concrete structure’s phase” without forgetting alucoband panels ,marble tiles and glass surfaces applications. In some other cases studies reconstruction and restoration phases observe a deviations from sustainable materials such as wood and green patterns previously used in building facades. In another survey, projects planned for the coming decades present the use of sustainable materials but not in considerable percentage. While in comparison with contemporary applications it is insufficient because any development and every building must be part of sustainable design with sustainable materials and sustainable technologies.