Postprandial Dyslipidemia: Emerging lipid profile for cardiovascular disease risk in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus subjects: A case control study. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2015; 05(06):491-498

Background and Objectives: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (Type 2 DM), characterized by a relative insulin deficiency or insulin resistance is associated with a cluster of metabolic abnormalities, which includes glucose intolerance, hypertension, a unique dyslipidemia, a procoagulant state, and an increase in macrovascular diseases. The present study was conducted to assess the significance of postprandial dyslipidemia with respect to fasting dyslipidemia, in the pathogenesis of athero-sclerotic changes and possible cardiovascular diseases. Methods and Statistical Analysis: Fifty clinically diagnosed cases of Type 2 DM ( age group of 34-68 years, duration of diabetes of more than five years), were in¬cluded in the study and 50 age and sex matched healthy subjects were taken as the controls. In both the study groups, we measured postprandial as well as fasting lipid profile, which comprised of serum total Cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and the waist-hip ratio (WHI) as the cardiovascular risk factors. The statistical analysis was done by using the Students unpaired‘t’-test. Results: The results of present study showed significantly increased levels of postprandial serum total cholesterol, TGs, LDL-C and VLDL-C as compared to those in the fasting state (p<0.001). The serum HDL-C level was significantly lower in the postprandial state as compared to that in the fasting state (p<0.001). Conclusion: The findings of the study indicated that postprandial lipid profile, as a cardiovascular risk factor, was significantly elevated as compared to lipid profile in fasting state. This signifies that the routine estimation of the postprandial lipid profile, in addition to the fasting lipid parameters is mandatory in the cardiovascular disease risk assessment in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus subjects.