Relationship Between Retinal-Renal Complications Among Type 2 Diabetic Subjects in India

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between retinal-renal complications among type 2 diabetic subjects in India. Subjects and Methods: A total of 502 subjects with type 2 diabetes who underwent Fundus Photography and Fundus Fluorescein Angiography (FFA) for diabetic retinopathy (DR) and 24hr urinary creatinine clearance (Crcl) test for diabetic nephropathy (DN) on the same day were included in this analysis. They were divided into groups based on the severity of retinopathy and Crcl values. Out of 502 subjects, 272 subjects had subsequent follow-up details spanning 22 months. Anthropometric, haemodynamic and biochemical details at baseline and follow-up and mortality details were recorded. Results: The mean Crcl values decreased significantly with increasing severity of DR (p<0.001). The percentage of subjects with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy also decreased with decreasing Crcl. In the follow-up data, severity of DR increased compared to baseline as per stages of Crcl. There was a decline in survival when both the complications are present. Number of subjects who died was high at severe stages of these complications. Crcl was significantly associated with declining status of both the complications. Conclusions: The degree of diabetic retinopathy and severity of diabetic nephropathy showed significant asso-ciation among type2 diabetic subjects