Pentosidine: Can Be Related To The Etiology Of Chronic Kidney Disease?

Objectives: Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptors are prominent contributors to diabetic kidney disease. Clinical importance of AGEs toxicity in kidney disease etiologies had been rarely reported. We measured serum AGEs, sRAGE and Pentosidine levels in diabetic patients with and without nephropathy and examined whether these biomarkers are related to the etiologies of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Design and methods: We included 30 healthy control subjects and 116 diabetic patients who were further divided into 2 subgroups: one with 30 patients without CKD, the other with 86 CKD patients. AGEs, sRAGE and pentosidine were measured in serum by ELISA. Results: Serum levels of AGEs, sRAGE and pentosidine were significantly increased in diabetic patients without CKD compared to controls (579.78 ± 113.28 vs. 508.83 ± 119.68 pg/mL; 169.17 ± 30.41 vs. 148.72 ± 32.73 pg/mL; 247.84 ± 21.42 vs. 214.03 ± 55.05 pg/mL, P<0.001, P<0.01, P<0.05 respectively). In diabetic patients with CKD, serum AGEs, sRAGE and pentosidine levels were significantly higher than diabetic patients without CKD (P<0.001, P<0.01, P<0.001 respectively). Serum Pentosidine levels were increased in CKD patients with tubulointerstitial nephrophathy than other etiologies (P<0.001). Conclusions: Serum AGEs, sRAGE, and pentosidine levels are related with diabetic patients with and without CKD and pentosidine levels were increased in tubulointerstitial nephrophathy.