ROLE OF ?SUPERFLUOUS MAN? IN DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIAN SOCIETY IN 19TH CENTURY

The authors consider the theme of ?superfluous man? in Russian literature of the 19th century on the example of A. S. Pushkin, M. Lermontov and I. S. Turgenev. This article attempts to address the problem of holistic ?superfluous man? in Russian literature. Classifying terms of known literary critics, the authors draw attention to a very important and rather controversial issues in the literature. For example, images of Pushkin, M. Lermontov, Turgenev fate of "superfluous men" together with compassion for them, for their high moral aspirations, generators and their negation. The article points out that especially valuable elements spiritual aspect of ?superfluous man? writers considered their moral idealism, their high representation of the identity of the person, their desire to understand the sublime, etc. The article traces the evolution of characters "?superfluous man? in the literature revealed traditions in the creative development of this problem. The authors examine the topic from the perspective of literary criticism, philosophy and psychology. This article proves the advantage of considering the problem of ?superfluous man? through images of Eugene Onegin, Pechorin and Bazarov. Study of this problem not only improves students' interest literary material, but also develops skills in analyzing literary text. The material can be used in the classroom for Russian literature, during the passage of students teaching practice in schools.