Physico-chemical Attributes of Fruit Seed Oils from Different Varieties of Peach and Plum
Journal: Journal of Advances in Biology (Vol.4, No. 2)Publication Date: 2012-06-16
Authors : Felix Aladedunye; Farooq Anwar; Maleeha Manzoor; Iftiqhar Hussain Bukhari;
Page : 384-392
Keywords : Fruit seeds oil; GC/MS; High oleic; Oil quality characteristics; Phytosterols; Tocopherols;
- Physico-chemical Attributes of Fruit Seed Oils from Different Varieties of Peach and Plum
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Abstract
The fruit seed kernel oils from different varieties of locally harvested peach and plum were evaluated for their physico-chemical properties, and composition of fatty acids, tocopherols and phytosterols. The contents of protein, fiber, and ash for peach and plum whole seed basis were noted to be 21.0-23.3, 11.2-13.7; 6.9-9.9, 5.6-6.4 and 3.3-4.9, 2.3-3.0%, respectively. The oil content in the seed kernels ranged from 30.5-41.0% for peach and 25.5-29.8% for plum. The extracted peach and plum kernel oils (KO) had an average iodine value (g of I/100 g of oil) of 82.5-96.4, 99.5-102.1; density (at 24 °C) 0.87-0.92, 0.80-0.83 mg/mL; refractive index (40 °C) 1.4440-1.4490, 1.4400-1.4430; saponification value 181.1-187.4, 149.1-160.9 mg of KOH/g oil; unsaponifiable matter 0.78-0.89, 0.90-0.94%; free fatty acid (% oleic acid) 0.4-0.9, 0.8-1.0%, respectively. The values for specific extinctions at 232 and 268 nm of the peach and plum KO were found to be 1.3-1.4, 1.7-2.1 and 1.7-2.1, 0.7-0.9 whereas the peroxide value 0.7-1.3 and 1.1-1.2 meq O2/kg, respectively. The major fatty acid detected in both of the peach and plum KO was noted to be oleic acid with contribution of 59.8-64.5% and 63.5-66.7% followed by linoleic 28.0-32.8% and 24.4-26.4%, respectively. The contents of total tocopherols in plum and peach KO ranged from 409-458 and 360-386 mg/kg, respectively, with α tocopherol predominating in peach and δ tocopherol in plum. β-Sitosterol (78.8-84.9%) and ?5-avenasterol (5.0-12.2%) were the main phytosterols in peach and plum KO. The results of this study revealed that these seeds could be explored as a potential source of high-oleic oils for the local oil and fat industry.
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