In-vitro properties of calcium phosphate cement as a bone grafting material

Abstract In 1980’s researchers discovered CPCs (calcium phosphate crystals) which are a bioactive and biodegradable bone grafting material. Phases form after mixing in different compositions with different end products which are mainly two types; Brushite, and a Apatite. Bioactive glass can undergo dissolution in physiological solutions and form a hydroxycarbonated apatite like phase (this includes Octacalcium or Flouroapatite). Novel material can be made by mixing bioglass and Ca(H2PO4)2 and have cements set to form hydroxyapatite or brushite produce HAP, brushite and fluorapatite forming cements. The aims and objectives of this study were to investigate the influence of storage media on the Calcium Phosphate Cements combined with bioactive glass, with respect to properties and phase formed and strength of development. Would the outcomes of storing in a media enriched in calcium and phosphate (that more closely mimics the in vivo conditions, Simulated body fluid) and Tris buffer solution. To See histological and structural that do in-vivo implanted cements show the formation of more hydroxyapatite and higher mineral contents. To determine mechanical properties does it result in higher compressive strength. Functionally does it aid the conversion of Octacalcium phosphate to Hydroxyapatite. Calcium phosphate was measured 0.98 gms and mixed with bioactive glass 1.02 gms and placed in a 6 by 4 Cylinder, placed in aoven. Cements were immersed into both TRIS buffer and Simulated body fluid solution for 1hour, 1day, 7days and 28 days .The compressive strength was determined by a Instron machine. Characterization of phases was seen by analysis through FTIR(spectoscopy) and X-ray diffraction microtomography (determine quantitative measurements of mineral concentration in hard tissue). It was seen that the storage media does have a influence in properties and phases formed.