Study of significance of glycosylated hemoglobin in diabetic patient

Background: Investigation of the structure and biosynthesis of glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) in the past decade have provided a means to objectively access the average level of glycemia in diabetic patient. The use of Glycosylated hemoglobin level as integrated index of long term blood glucose level, represent a significant tool in our research and therapeutic armamentarium. In this study, we have estimated glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) in diabetic and non diabetic person and its relationship with fasting and post prandial blood sugar levels. Materials and methods: In present study, Glycosylated hemoglobin levels were estimated by using cation exchange resin method. The study was conducted from November 2012 to October 2014. Measurement of total HbA1c and blood sugar were carried out at Diabetic research laboratory, Tertiary care centre, Teaching Institute. 110 Non diabetic persons studied as a control, which were proved to be Non diabetic from history, FBS, PPBS, Urine sugar. Persons with family history of diabetes were not included in control group (Group: X). 350 diabetic patients which included new and old cases, IDDM and NIDDM cases, complicated and non complicated cases, among them 241 were having NIDDM and 109 were having IDDM type of diabetes (Group: Y+Z). All cases thoroughly studied and details about personal data, history, clinical examination, laboratory investigations, complication of diabetes and type of treatment were noted. Results: In IDDM, there was higher value of mean GHb (13.13%), than in NIDDM (mean GHB 11.89%). Patients having Insulin therapy had higher value of GHb (13.08%) than with on oral hypoglycemic agents (11.91%) and patients on dietary modification had level 9.44%. There was no significant difference in GHb among patients with complication (12.26%) and patients without complications (12.29%). Conclusion: Glycosylated hemoglobin assay defines an end point as the fuel of diabetic therapy and provides a powerful stimulus to the patients to improve their compliance. Glycosylated hemoglobin assay may provide an alternative method of screening for diabetes.