Sterilization, Disinfection and Associated Corrosion in Orthodontics

Sterilization and disinfection are the two integral processes for maintaining asepsis. A cut or puncture wound provides a patent pathway for infection. Any blood observed in the mouth or in an impression would increase the risk of infection. Orthodontists have the second highest incidence of Hepatitis B among dental professionals. Thus, proper steps in sterilization in compliance with the ADA or CDC guidelines should be followed. Various methods of sterilization and disinfection in orthodontic practice have been vividly enumerated. Use of masks, gloves, protective eye wear and reusable or disposable gowns or laboratory coats should be brought into day to day practice in order to avoid cross contamination. Surfaces that cannot be sterilized should be effectively disinfected with any of the available means. A common problem arising with these methods is the associated corrosion. The corrosion resistance of orthodontic grade steel is directly proportional to its chromium content and inversely proportional to its carbon content. Recommendations by the instrument manufacturers must be followed in order to reduce any unwanted corrosion of the orthodontic instruments from steam autoclaving. A thorough understanding of application of sterilization along with properly followed techniques will ensure safety from deadly organisms along with appropriate care of the delicate instruments.