Endobronchial Tuberculosis: A Rarely Suspected Common Disease

Endobronchial tuberculosis is defined as tuberculous infection of the tracheobronchial tree with microbial and histopathological evidence. It has been reported in about 10-40% of patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis and unfortunately >90% of these patients have already developed variable degree of bronchial stenosis. Yet it is a relatively uncommonly detected manifestation of a common disease like tuberculosis (TB) in India. A high index of suspicion is necessary for predicting the endobronchial involvement.