CITIZENSHIP AND NEED OF ACHIEVEMENT: A COMPARISON OF ENGLISH CURRICULA FROM PAKISTAN, HONG KONG AND UK

This article aims at analyzing and comparing English curricula (Grade I-V) from Pakistan, Hong Kong and UK. The purpose of a comparison is to determine the extent to which citizenship and need for achievement have been addressed. Analyses revealed existence of weak linkages between citizenship and global citizenship in Pakistani and Hong Kong based curricula. Furthermore, weak links were found between the need for achievement and citizenship and similarly between citizenship and teaching pedagogical techniques. Findings indicate the need to address citizenship, global citizenship and need for achievement in a concurrent, strategic and systematic manner. Recommendations are proposed on the basis of analyses.