An Analytic Study of the Inclusion of the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS-2015) Requirements 1st-4th Grades Science Textbook in Saudi Arabia

The current study aims at identifying the inclusion level of the requirements of the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS-2015) in the 1st -4 th science grade textbooks and scientific experiments' manuals in Saudi Arabia. The population and sample of the study consisted of all lessons and practical experiences in the 1st -4 th science grade textbooks and scientific experiments' manuals (Edition 1435AH, 2014AD). To achieve the study objective, a descriptive approach of content analysis was conducted via using an analysis tool, where its validity and reliability were assured. The tool consisted of three domains, namely: Science Content (Life Science, Physical Science, & Earth Science), Cognitive (Knowing, Applying, & Reasoning), and Scientific Inquiry (Formulating Questions and Hypotheses, Research Design, Data Representation, and Data Analysis and Interpretation). Statistical treatments such as frequencies and means were conducted. The results of the study concluded with a list of TIMSS requirements, which should be included in elementary science textbooks. Additionally, results revealed that the inclusion percentages of scientific inquiry were high in all grades, with a mean of (3.27), whereas the inclusion percentages of science content and cognitive domains were insufficient in science textbooks, where their mean were (2.71) & (3.08) respectively. Moreover, the inclusion percentages of some topics, such as human health, finding solutions, and data analysis and interpretation, were low. Accordingly, recommendations and suggestions have been made for further improvement for elementary science textbooks to include science content and cognitive domains requirements in science subjects.