The Mutations of KRAS Gene in Lung Cancer: Real Targets or Epiphenomenon?

Background: The most described oncogenes in lung cancer are those encoding for EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) and KRAS. The mutations of the gene KRAS have been described since two decades. In spite of that fact, the assessment of their implication in lung cancer remains debated. Aim: We aim to assess the real impact of the mutations of KRAS on the prognosis and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer through a mini review of the literature. Methods: We performed a mini-review of the literature through the pubmed site using the key-words: KRAS gene, KRAS mutations in lung cancer. Results: Through this review of the literature, we noticed the multiplicity of the studies dealing with this subject and the absence of consensus concerning the consequences of these mutations on the management of the patients. Conclusion: KRAS mutations play a key role in the carcinogenesis of lung cancer. In the presence of mutations, this way becomes autonomous and interacts with other ways mainly PI3K and MEK. A better knowledge of these mutations will enable a prediction of the answer to anti-EGFR therapy. Besides, other therapeutic targets will be explored in non responders’ patients.