Massive Intracranial Calcifications Secondary to Vein of Galen Aneurysmal Malformation

Massive intracranial calcifications are observed in several diseases, including arteriovenous malformations. The most frequent paediatric neurovascular malformations are vein of Galen arteriovenous malformations, followed by pial arteriovenous malformations and dural sinus malformations. Most patients with arteriovenous malformations present initially with seizures, intracranial haemorrhage, or hydrocephalus. Patients may also present with progressive neurologic deficits including progressive hemiparesis, brainstem dysfunction or cognitive impairments. Eventually, an untreated arteriovenous malformation may progress to a chronic venous ischemia characterised by the development of dystrophic calcifications and subependymal atrophy with ventricular dilatation. In this report, we present a case of massive intracranial calcifications in a two-year-old child with a vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation.