Evaluation of the reasons of nephrectomy in pediatric population

Background: Evaluation of the reasons of nephrectomy specimens in pediatric age group who presented with severe renal failure or mass lesion, which may be useful in the management of pediatric end stage renal disease. We aimed to evaluate the reasons for nephrectomy in pediatric population and to determine the frequency of various lesions. Materials and methods: It was a retrospective study of nephrectomy specimens received in our department during the period of June 2006 to June 2011 (5 years). Reasons of nephrectomy, age and sex of the patients were assessed. Results: Total 36 nephrectomy specimens were analyzed. These included 25 male children, and 11 female child. Age was ranging from 15 days to 16 years. The kidney size was small in most of the patients. The following causes were evaluated by HPE of specimens: Infantile polycystic kidney ? 3, Mesoblastic nephroma ? 1, Wilm’s tumor ? 2, Cystic renal dysplasia ? 1, Blunt injury ? 4, PUJO with hydronephrosis ? 15, Hydronephrosis and chronic pyelonephritis ? 10. Conclusion: Nephrectomy in pediatric age group is an ultimate indication which is generally realized in neoplastic involvement of the kidney. Providing histopathological features of nephrectomy specimens and reasons, which could be useful to reduce the incidence of non tumoural nephrectomy in the pediatric population. There is need to emphasize the importance of early diagnosis of renal lesion in pediatric age group to prevent nephrectomy.