Spontaneous Cervical Artery Dissections

Spontaneous cervical artery dissection is a rare cause of stroke in general, but it is a major cause of stroke in young adults. While connective tissue abnormalities and minor trauma may be involved, to this date, its pathogenesis remains unclear. Genetic mutations may also play a role and a seasonal pattern as well as associations with migraine, high plasma homocysteine and chiropractic manipulative therapy have been found. Clinical presentation comprises of local and, more importantly, ischemic symptoms, but only recently randomized controlled trials have been started to assess thrombolysis and antithrombotic treatment. Because early diagnosis could possibly prevent or alleviate ischemic manifestations, these patients should be assessed quickly and accurately. The following review aims to provide a well-rounded insight into the disease.