Modern French Studding of the Biographical Texts: Prolegomena

The article deals with the main directions of the studding of the biography as a text in the modern French humanities. We described the structural and the functional peculiarities of the biographical text (discourse), particularly based on the fictional biography. It is stressed on the terminology, which is used by scientists not only literary and interdisciplinary studies, particularly “fictionality”, “biofiction”, “fictional biography”. Attention is given to agents of the works and of the narrative, it is stressed on their discourse and the narrative functions, particularly the relations between the author, the subject and the object of the biography. We noted that the biography as a narrative studded in two opposite fields ? the field of the referential and the field of the fictional, particularly the fictional biography takes on the forms of the different literature genres, linking the features of the fictional and the factual. However, it keeps the status of the fictitious notably the works of literature. As the different genres forms contain the different proportions of the representation of the factual and the fictional the biographical text redefine the limits between stable genre categories. We are differentiated two main poles ? “novel pole”, which describe the fictional questions, and the “essay pole”, which promote the studding of the biographical ethos, which is important in the relations between the ethos’ object and the ethos’ subject of the biography as a text. We stressed the scientific productivity of the ethos’ concept for the representation of the speaker in the discourse.