GREEN SCENARIO OF INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE: REALITY AND PROSPECTS

Industry is very important for the economic development; manufactured products are the key components of human consumption. But at the same time primarily industrial complexes are the main anthropogenic factors of the ecological crisis - a major consumer of raw materials, energy and water; they are the most powerful sources of most contaminants (mechanical, chemical, physical and biochemical). Using the model of “green economy” can help to harmonize the relationship between man and nature. The development of green industry is an important tool to exploit new sources of economic growth and overcoming the financial crisis. Green innovations are a key driver of "industry greening". Implementation of green innovations will contribute to reduce resource intensity of industrial production and rational using of natural resources, reduction of harmful emissions into the atmosphere. The development and implementation of green technologies (waste-free, resource-saving and environmentally friendly) is the way to solve the problem of limited resources and environmental pollution. But innovation needs to be accompanied by regulatory reforms, new policies and economic instruments to enable energy and broader resource-saving improvements. To ensure efficient implementation of green scenario of industry development in Ukraine, it is important to identify priority of industrial sectors and to strengthen efforts on addressing primary goals, taking into account technology and innovation imperatives. When selecting key sectors for greening the UkraТne’s economy, it is necessary to consider the possibility of these sectors for: reducing negative environment impact; reducing the use or restoration of natural resources and ecosystems; availability of economic benefits to the business; social benefits for the population. We have to bear in mind that a double benefit, i.e. economic efficiency and environmental performance, may not be gained concurrently in all the sectors. In view of high capital intensity of the mining and metallurgical industries, it is evident that implementation of mutually rewarding solutions for both environmental protection and saving of resources is impossible in the short run. Drivers of ecologically friendly changes are therefore beyond the solutions with double benefits and voluntary approaches, because they are inefficient, when there is an obvious social priority, but there is no business advantage to justify added costs required to meet it. To obtain a tangible environmental result and improve the efficiency of ecosystems and ecologic quality of life on an economically sound and long-term basis, it is necessary to exert influence on the essential sectors of economy. The above does not, however, mean that other sectors of economy should not be engaged in greening of their technological processes. Greening actions have to be consistently introduced in all fields of activity. But efforts of the state and non-governmental organizations as well as financial support have to be primarily focused on greening of the priority sectors. Thus, one of the primary goals of industrial development in Ukraine is greening industry, which will enable to solve two problems: to reduce the energy and resource intensity of industrial production, to reduce negative impact on the environment and to ensure the preservation of jobs and reinvestment for new possibilities in employment.