Leiomyoma of Urinary Bladder Presenting as Acute Urinary Obstruction: Report of 2 Cases

Leiomyomas of the bladder are rare (0.43% of bladder neoplasms); however, they are the most common benign bladder tumors. Patients present with a wide age range, spanning from 20 to 80 years, and equal incidence between men and women. Most lesions are small and asymptomatic. Larger lesions typically present with symptoms caused by mass effect or urinary obstruction, such as hesitancy, frequency, and hematuria. Although these tumors originate from the submucosa, growth may be intravesical (63%), extravesical (30%), or intramural (7%). Cystoscopy, ultrasound, Omography or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) can be used in the diagnosis, but the definitive diagnosis is made by histopathology. There is not a single case of malignant transformation in bladder leiomyomas. The traditional treatment for symptomatic cases is surgical resection. The most important determinants for the choice of surgery are tumour size, localization and its involvement of urinary sphincter or ureter orifices. We report cases of 2 female patients who presented to us with acute urinary retention. Abdominal Ultrasound and Computed tomography showed solitary bladder tumour. Diagnostic cystoscopy with Transurethral Resection (TUR) was done for both the patients. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of leiomyoma of urinary bladder.