Phytosymbols and zoosymbols in ukrainian raditional peasant house building

Problem statement . Like any phenomenon of material culture, housing is not only an object of pure practical features, it also has a symbolic on the level of ideology and worldview. House was the first place where the religious rituals were carried out. House was a model of the cosmos, in the minds of our ancestors, therefore almost all its elements, excepting domestic and pragmatic, were also symbolic in ancient time. The deep symbolic meaning were also ritual actions associated with the process of peasant house building at all stages. Peasant house should organically fit into the environment. It was an artificial element that "was built" by person in the environment. Our ancestors felt inspired, endowed with animalistic or anthropomorphic characteristics, everything that one way or another has been associated with the natural elements, so it was important to "appease" nature, providing the reliability and durability of the new house. These ideas also reflected in deeply archaic customs and rituals having accompanied the building. Some of them were peculiar kind of tribute to the spirits of nature, so they were the form of compensation and directed to reproduce the natural balance that was interrupted by the intervention of the builders. There were rituals of a pragmatic type, they are used to verify the purity of the sacred chosen places for housing and so on. Analysis of publications. A complex system of rituals and symbols accompanying the building of housing, has been the subject of scientific research since the middle of nineteenth century. This complex ritual attention was paid to the works of the famous historian and ethnographer M.F.Sumtsova. More recent ethnographic research (S. Kylymnyk, L. Musykhyna, D Lozko V. Voitovych, M. Lanovyk, S. Lanovyk, V.Skliarenko, A.S. Shuklynova, V.V. Siadro and others) also include a study of the abovementioned topics but both in classical and contemporary scientific studies, information wasn't represented about tradition, ritual and magic acts and system of symbols associated with the process of peasant house building doesn't represented systematically and comprehensively, and in covering other aspects of material and spiritual culture of Ukrainian occasionally were considered .The purpose of the article to explain the symbolism of plants and animals, being used in Ukrainian folk housing. Conclusions. As we can see, the symbolism is rich and varied, used by our ancestors during the construction and improvement of housing. In the system of traditional symbols of this type can be identified signs proslavic origin, ancient symbols, reinterpreted with the influence of Christianity, ets. There are different symbols and their magical properties and functionality: features of its own talisman, as cleansing amulet, therapeutic, diagnostic, etc. The described system of symbols of Prydniprovsyi region fits in a national context.