LIPOSOMES AND NANOSOMES: STRUCTURE, PROPERTIES, PRODUCTION

Liposomes are hollow particles which content is limited to a lipid membrane. They belong to a large family of vesicular (bubble) structures formed by amphiphilic molecules. Liposomes consisting of one or more phospholipid bilayers were first described in the mid 60s. In a relatively short period liposomes transformed from a simple model that mimics the cell membrane into the object of active research and variety of practical applications. Currently a large number of laboratory techniques create liposomes and relatively small number of technologies used in the industry are available. However, most of ones have limitations in conditions of the biologically active substances inclusion in liposomes due to their sensitivity to mechanical and/or chemical damage. In reviews the liposomes structure, properties and methods for creating and scaling in industrial production are described.