PEDAGOGICAL EXPERIMENT: FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT IN POSTWAR PERIOD

In the article the problem of formation and development of pedagogical experiments in Ukraine in the postwar period. The experiment is characterized as one of the leading methods of scientific and pedagogical research in Soviet epoch. The essence of concepts "experiment", "educational experiment" is clarified. The role of the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences in coordinating and managing experimental activities in the field of education is found. Emphasis is made on close cooperation between the Academy of Pedagogical Sciences and Scientific Research Institute, which brought together the best scientific and teaching staff in Ukraine. It is noted that the organization of basic experimental research was an important part of Ukrainian scientists' research activities. In the article it is characterized the role of teacher congresses of the studied period in the developing educational thoughts, consolidating teachers, discussing important issues of experimental work in the field of education. Delegates' speeches about the covering the problems of educational experimentation are analysed. In conclusion the author says that such important issues as the essence and specificity of pedagogical experiment; its difference from science, sociological and psychological ones; its cognitive capabilities; scope of application; methods of experiment; correlation between experiment and research developed spontaneously and sporadically.