Impact of endosulfan on living beings

Endosulfan is a globally used pesticide which causes a great threat to the balance of the environment. It comes under the organochlorine group which is mainly hazardous for the existence of life, during its whole run from the time of spraying till its degradation. It has two isomers, alpha and beta. Both will be degraded into different substrates, among which endosulfan sulfate is more toxic compared to others. Its extensive use throughout the world has made it a hazardous chemical to human beings, which has become the reason for its ban in most of the countries. This article is totally based on literature survey. In this review chemical nature of this pesticide and its application and use has been discussed. The author explored the toxicity of this pesticide. The effects of endosulphan on the aquatic life as well as on humans were also discussed. Moreover focus has been made on the effect of endosulfan on ovary, hormones, enzymes, DNA damage and apoptosis. The effect of this pesticide on oxidative stress and its biodegradation were also explained. This review will be useful for the researchers working in the field of pesticides and will create an awareness regarding its hazardous effect.