PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES OF ADATHODA VASICA AGAINST FEW HUMAN PATHOGENS

To investigate the phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of Adathoda vasica. (Linn) in different solvents viz petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol and water. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the quantitative analysis of phytochemicals and antimicrobial activity of various extracts of Adathoda vasica. The phytochemical analysis of petroleum ether extract showed the presence of tannin, steroids, flavanoid, terpenoid and cycloglycosides. Ethyl acetate extract showed the presence of steroids, coumarin and cycle glycosides. Chloroform extract showed the presence of steroids, terpenoid and cyclo glycosides. Methanol extract showed the presence of alkaloid, tannin, steroids, flavanoid, terpenoid, phlobotanin and total phenol. Where as in aqueous extract, tannin, flavanoids, coumanin and total phenol were present. Flavanoids were strongly positive in methanol and aqueous extract. The in vitro biological screening effects of different solvents extracts were tested against gram positive microorganism (Staphylocrobcoccus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus) and gram negative microorganism (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus vulgaris). Petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol and water extracts at different concenterations (5, 10, 20, 30, and 50 µg/ml) were used to investigate the antimicrobial activity. The results were compared with standard drug Methycilin (50ug/ml). It was observed that petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, chloroform, methanol and aqueous extract all showed activity against bacteria. Methanol extract of Adathoda vasica showed maximum activity against Staphylococcus aureus the zone of diameter 29.47 ± 0.01 mm compared to other solvent extracts and Methicillin (positive control). The study revealed a notable antibacterial inhibitory activity of methanolic extract of the leaf. Keywords: Antibacterial, Gram positive, Gram negative, Methicillin, Zone of inhibition