A Study to Evaluate Association of Celiac Disease with Insulin Dependent Diabetes and Hypothyroidism in North-West Rajasthan

Objective: To study association of Celiac Disease with Insulin Dependent Diabetes and Hypothyroidism in young adults in North-Western Rajasthan. Method: Total eighty-seven newly diagnosed adult patients of celiac disease were included. Sera of all patients were tested for presence of IgA tissue transglutaminase (tTG) antibody by ELISA using commercially available kits. Three to four intestinal mucosal biopsies were obtained with GI endoscopy from the second part of duodenum in patients with presence of tTG antibodies. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) was measured after overnight fasting (8 hours of fasting overnight ). Serum TSH testing was performed on automated immunoassay platforms employing advanced IMA technology. Results: In our study, out of total 87 patients, 46(52.87%) were from serum TTG group 50-200 and 41(47.12%) from serum TTG group >200. Out of total 87 patients, 14 patients had their TSH >4.2 and out of them 12 and 2 patients were from serum TTG group 50-200 and >200 respectively and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.01). 15 patients were found with impaired glucose tolerance and out of them 11 and 4 were from serum TTG group 50-200 and >200 respectively. Only 10 patients had their fasting blood sugar >125 and out of them 9 and 1 were from serum TTG group 50-200 and >200 respectively and the difference was found significant (p<0.01). Conclusion: Our study concludes that there is significant association of CD with thyroid dysfunction and impaired glucose tolerance. All CD patients should be screened for thyroid dysfunction and impaired glucose tolerance. Early recognition of CD and hence early appropriate management may help in reducing severity of various autoimmune disorders, improving quality of life in these patients.