The typology of the pig breeding in Burkina Faso: cases of the towns of Bobo-Dioulasso and Gaoua in soudanian area; Kaya and Dori in sahelian area

Abstract The study aimed to establish a typology of the pig breeding (breeding systems) of Burkina Faso. The analysis of data of a retrospective and transversal survey in 2008 done in 903 breedings in the towns of Bobo-Dioulasso, Dori, Gaoua and Kaya has allowed to indentify 3 types. A type A (1.77% of the total breedings), known as intensive is Characterized by an high investment, a pig flock of 107 heads, 01 paid employee, an average sale of 70 pigs/ year. The pigs which were in Permanent Close (PC) were very well fed and treated. The type B, known as semiintensive was noticed in all the towns. The investment, the flock (14 heads) and the paid employees (0.37 as the average) were less important than in the type A. The pigs were in Permanent Close (in rainy season) and in Partial Close (in dry season). This type has sold fewer pigs than the type A. The type C known as extensive, observed in all the towns was the most frequent with an investment and a paid employee extremely low (0.01) of breeding without accommodations. The partial close even the ramblings were the way of keeping. This type has sold more pigs but got less takings than B. The feeding constraint was the most crucial in all the types of breeding. The reusing of the production waste and its transformation could be an alternative to cope with this constraint.