Mechanical ventilation during anesthesia: Strategies for the protection of the lung Part I: Mechanisms of lung injury

Mechanical ventilation can have adverse effects on pulmonary function. The present review focuses on what has recently emerged as one of the most serious potential complications of mechanical ventilation, ventilation-induced lung injury (VILI). For the purposes of this review, the forms of lung injury will be discussed according to the following headings: barotrauma, volutrauma, atelectrauma, and biotrauma.