Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in the Branching of Renal Arteries

Histological, morphometric, cytophotometry and statistical methods studied isolated smooth muscle cells at sites of the renal arteries with different hemodynamic conditions in newborns. It is shown that the population of smooth muscle cells on the straight sections of the renal arteries represented subpopulations of small, medium and large mononuclear cells. In the area of the arteries blood fl ow dividers, characterized by turbulence, twists, recycling and complex distribution of shear stress on the vascular wall, there is a pronounced polymorphism in the structure of the arteries of the population. Smooth muscle cells in these hemodynamic conditions, undergo hypertrophy and hyperplasia polyploidization. Phenotypic modulation myocytes occurring in arteries with high branching, anastomosing, many turns may initiate the development of hypertension, heart failure, ischemia, diabetes and obesity.