Evolutionary views of S.A. Podolynskyi and I.Ya. Franco

The article is devoted to the evolutionary views analysis of S. A. Podolynskyi and I.Ya. Franco. These scientists were among the first to respond on Charles Darwin's theory of organic evolution in Ukraine. It has been shown that their scientific ideas were much ahead of their time and in the crucible of the struggle for evolutionary theory they weren't always understandable to contemporaries. Especially it is necessary to note ecological and economic concept of S. A. Podolynskyi, who highlighted for descendants the issue of the labor role in solar energy distribution. His work “Citizenship and the theory of Darwin” (1880) is being analyzed in details. I. Ya. Franco was a vivid propagandist of the Darwinism in Western Ukraine. His article “Dumas on Evolution in the History of Humanity” (1882) and “The Creation of the World” (1912) are being considered in details.