On the Technology of Making Ceramics of the Eneolithic Burial Ground Ekaterinovsky Cape

The paper presents the Eneolithic ceramics of the burial ground Ekaterinovsky Cape technical and technological analysis results. The cultural traditions in the pottery of the monument created population have been the aim of the study. The pottery technology has been researched in the historical and cultural approach to the study of ancient pottery, developed by A.A. Bobrinsky. This approach is based on binocular microscopy, traceology and an experiment in the form of physical modeling. A total of 147 ceramics samples have been studied by the author: destroyed vessels and fragments of the rims, walls and bottom parts of the vessels of the Eneolithic era from excavations of 2013–2016. As a result, it has been revealed that the aggregate of the most popular pottery traditions of the population left the burial ground Ekaterinovsky cape, has direct analogies in the neo-Eneolithic pottery of the Lower Volga region. These pottery traditions originated in the depths of the Orlovskaia Neolithic culture, and later became characteristic of the Caspiiskaia and Khvalynsk cultures. These traditions include: silty, oily clay as a raw material use; introduction to the molding mass of a crushed shell artificial admixture; construction of vessels in form-models by patchwork means; sealing surfaces; specially organized roasting intended for heat treatment of vessels with crushed shell high content. These labor skills were also inherent to the alien group of people who left the burial ground near village Siezzhee (Samara region), and for a part of the population of Ivanovka and Tok cultural types (Orenburg region).