ASSESSMENT OF TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY INDICATORS OF COGENERATION IN MODERN MARKET CONDITIONS

In this work we discuss issues of economic justifiability of usage of combined production of heat and electric energy in the existing market realities basing on the analysis of the main criteria of efficiency of cogeneration in the planned economy of the Soviet Union. A criterion of added value maximum for energy products is proposed to assess the feasibility of technology usage. When comparing the options we used the value of reduced annual cost, including the costs related to capital expenses, depreciation, fuel costs, operating costs and capital costs for construction of the facility. In relation to the performance comparison of combined and separate production of electricity we used the value of specific income from sale of energy products (heat and electricity) produced per a unit of consumption of 1 toe of equivalent fuel. The relationship between CHPP and boiler income from the sale of thermal and electric energy at various tariffs is presented. It is shown that with increasing the share of heat supply to external consumers, the increase in income from the sale of thermal energy exceeds the decrease in income from the sale of electric energy and total specific revenue of the CHPP is increased. So, the CHPP has the largest total specific income at maximum specific heat load equal to 2/3, due to the high yield from the sale of thermal energy at existing tariffs for heat and electricity. We developed a basic computational model for analysis of consolidated energy and economic indicators of various sources of thermal and electric energy. It is established that the final choice of shares of each alternative sources, involved in coverage of thermal loads is based on multiple optimization calculations taking into account many factors: investment in the sources and distribution network, fuel cost, graphics of thermal loads, operation modes of sources, including diagrams of thermal networks and others.