Substantiation of optimal type of a blockout in a monolithic flat slab

The problem of rational and efficient use of material resources has always been a priority, since the rational use of materials and the reduction of material consumption of production lead to savings in total capital costs. Today, the needs of Ukraine in raw materials are very large, and the cost of its production is constantly growing. Thus, in order to reduce capital investments, it is necessary to use resources more rationally, including at the expense of reducing material consumption of products, using cheaper and more efficient materials, economical use of raw materials and introducing new technologies for the production of building materials. In addition, one of the important factors of saving construction materials is the use of waste products as raw materials. The research concerning the reduction of the volume of concrete monolithic slabs by arranging pinholes and choosing the most efficient material for their manufacture is very relevant. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the optimal type of a blockout in a monolithic flat slab. Conclusion. As a result of the research performed, it was established that it is rational to use expanded polystyrene and cardboard tubes (waste of chemical and pulp and paper industry) as a material for the manufacture of blockouts for arranging pinholes in monolithic flat slabs. In this case, the most rational section of pinhole-formers is the round shape of the section, despite the fact that with a gradual decrease in the thickness of the concrete, such an intersection is inferior to a square section. Based on the analysis of the operation of pinholes from various materials in the process of laying the concrete mix, a step is determined and the reinforcement consumption fixes the blockout of frames.