RISK ANALYSIS OF FIRE IN THE KRASNA HORKA CASTLE

This article describes a large fire, which destroyed the Krasna Horka castle. There are presented causes and consequences of this fire, as well as it is evaluated a risk of fire using the technical standard TNI ISO TR 14121-2 “Risk evaluation. Practical guideline and examples of methods”. According to the evaluation it is evident that the most important risks in this case are: destruction of the building construction, reduction of mechanical strength of materials due to high temperature, fast broadening of the fire through the building construction parts, smoke generation and high temperature. Taking into consideration these facts it is necessary to protect the historical sights by means of passive and active fire prevention. The passive fire prevention consists in application of a special fire-stopping surface coating of the woody parts of the building supporting structure (frame and covering). The most important parts have to be coated with a special coating, which serves as a fire retardant. This coating is transformed into foam at 150 °C. It is necessary to elaborate a “Project of the fire prevention” for the new and renewed buildings. This project contents a division of the whole building into the individual segments according to the fire loading and fire risk. The active fire prevention means application of self-acting extinguishing equipment, which is connected with the electric fire-alarm signalling. There are well-known sprinkler systems operating with water or foam. Application of the active fire prevention equipment is expensive investment, however in comparison to the possible damages caused due to a fire it pays off on all accounts.