NEW ATHEROGENIC INDICES AND LIPID PROFILE IN ASSESSMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN TYPE-1 DIABETES

BACK GROUND - Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of death in type 1 Diabetes. Dyslipidemia in Diabetes is a very common preventable major risk factor for CHD and hence it needs to be identified earlier to reduce the risk and to take measures to prevent it. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES - 1) To assess the lipid profile of patients with Type1 Diabetes and Controls. 2) To assess the cardiovascular risk in Type 1 Diabetes and Controls by using various indices. MATERIALS AND METHODS - A Cross sectional study was carried out in 59 known Type 1 Diabetic Patients and 30 age and sex matched controls. Plasma lipid profile and HbA1c were measured in Fasting samples. Atherogenic index of plasma, Castelli risk index I and II and Atherogenic coefficient were calculated. Statistical evaluation was done by using SPSS software version 16.0. Chisquare test and Student's t test were used for analyses. RESULTS - In this study, Mean BMI was found to be significantly higher in controls than cases (p value less than 0.001).Mean Plasma TGL was significantly higher in controls compared to cases. There was no significant difference in TC, LDL and HDL level between the two groups. Among the indices, API showed a significant difference between two groups (p value less than 0.02). Other indices were statistically not significant. CONCLUSION - Patients with Type 1 Diabetes are generally not hyperlipidemic if they are under good glycemic control. Dyslipidemia correlates with BMI. API was found to be superior to the other indices in predicting cardiac risk. So, it could be used for identifying individuals with Type1 diabetes with a high risk of cardiovascular disease in the clinical practices especially, when the absolute values of lipid profile were found to be normal and not markedly altered or in centres with insufficient resources.