A rare presentation: duplication of testis

Objective of current study was to describe the clinical and embryological futures of polyorchidism and review of literature of similar cases. Polyorchidism is usually an incidental finding and an extremely rare congenital anomaly with less than 200 cases reported so far. Several theories regarding it but the exact explanations are still unknown. In majority of cases, patients are asymptomatic and have a painless inguinal or scrotal mass. While others may present with maldescended or cryptorchidism or incidentally discovered in association with indirect inguinal hernia, hydrocele, varicocele, epididymitis, infertility, testicular torsion, and extremely rare with testicular malignancy. Among polyorchidism, majority of cases are of triorchidism usually of left side. In present case report, triorchidism in its rarest form is diagnosed incidentally intraoperatively in an adolescent presented with left groin swelling and ipsilateral undescended testicle. The supernumerary testicle was intraoperatively found in peritoneal cavity and completely developed with separate cord structure and epididymis.