THE OUTCOME OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF FIFTY PATIENTS WITH GOITER IN BAGHDAD-IRAQ

Background: Thyroid diseases are common problem in the population. One of the important factors in pathogenesis of nodular disease is thyroid-stimulating hormone, still the etiology of thyroid nodule is complex and underexplored. The diagnosis of goitre depends on the visibility of the thyroid gland, the degree of enlargement of the gland, or on the presence of nodules in the gland. Methodology: A descriptive study of 50 patients with goiter. Patients with goiter collected over twenty-months? time. Hormonal study, ultrasound image of the thyroid gland, fine needle aspirate, and the general investigation to prepare them for general anesthesia. Results: About three quarters of the patients 35(70%) were in the age group ranged from 15-30 year. Majority of the patients were female 42(84%). The highest group were the euthyroid patients forming 35(35%) of the sample, followed by patients with hyperthyroidism10(20%), and finally came patients in hypothyroid state 5(10%). Multinodular goiter at the top of the list (60%), and single nodule forming only (8%) of the total patients. Adeno tumor forming half of the sample 3(50%). The other three types colloidal goiter, papillary carcinoma and medullary carcinoma forming the second half. Conclusion: because of high incidence of goiter and possibility of carcinomatous changes total thyroidectomy is advisable with hormonal replacement.