INSECTICIDES INDUCED RESURGENCE OF SUCKING PESTS IN PADDY: A REVIEW

Insecticide induced resurgence of sucking pest [planthoppers (brown Planthopper, Nillparvata lugens and white backed planthopper, Sogatella furcifera & leafhoppers(Nephotettix virescens and N. nigropictus] in paddy crop reveals that the insecticides of organochlorine, organophosphate, carbamates and synthetic pyrethroids induced resurgence in hoppers. Insecticides of neonicotinoids, IGRs and botanicals are effective and frequently used against hoppers management in paddy crop. Imidacloprid, a neonicotinoid is a key insecticide universally used for control of hoppers, but resurgence inducement is cropping up against neonicotinoid particularly imidacloprid. Reports reveals that sublethal doses along with number of spray, spray schedule, spray interval and methods of spray effects frequent outbreaks/resurgence of hoppers population in paddy crop. Insecticides effects longevity, lifecycle, reproduction, sex ratio etc. of hoppers. Insecticidal application also effects plant structure and its biochemical composition which in turn influences resurgence of hoppers.