Genetic fingerprinting for the protection of local rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars of Bangladesh

Genetic fingerprinting of 110 rice cultivars of Bangladesh was completed with five polymorphic microsatellite DNA markers such as RM153, RM251, RM333, RM335 and RM475. The amplified DNA fragments are known as alleles from Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) reactions were separated on 2% agarose gel electrophoresis system, subsequently visualized by high performance ultraviolet transilluminator. In all, 99 distinctive alleles averaging 19.80 alleles/locus from the entire utilized microsatellite loci were counted. Several diversity indexes such as Polymorphism Information Content (PIC), heterozygosity, and cluster analysis were computed in this quantitative investigation. Superior genetic differentiation and inferior gene flow values among the cultivars were revealed from the recorded genetic diversity study of PIC, Effective allele, Shannon index (I), Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE), Nei's gene diversity (h), along with genetic differentiation-Fis and gene flow-Nm analysis. A total, 5995 varietal pairs were achieved all the way through alternative combinations of 110 rice cultivars where their Nei's genetic distance (D) was ranged from zero to 2.832. Nei's genetic-base an Unweight Pair Group Method of Arithmetic Means (UPGMA) diagram was assembled which eventually separated all the cultivars from each other according to their genetic distance and similarity. Thus, the finding of this study will expose such strategies to distinct all the wild relatives, cultivars and commercial varieties of rice or any other crop species having various genetic levels to facilitate further improvement and protection in future.