PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF LEAF EXTRACT OFMYRTUSCOMMUNIS L. (ADESS)

MyrtuscommunisL. (family - Myrtaceae) is an evergreen aromatic medicinal plant which has been used since ancient times for medicinal, food and spice purposes. The main purpose of this study was to screen out phytochemicalsand apply integrated study between methanol extract and solvent fractions on one gram positive bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus)and one gram negative bacterial strains (Escherichia coli) based on four selected bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus,Enterococcusfaecalis Escherichia coli and klepsela pneumonia, )of preliminary antibacterial test results of M.communis L. leaves. The present study was screen out phytochemicals by maceration method and determine qualitatively depend on Phytochemical test (alkaloid, flavonoid, carbohydrate, protein, amino acid, steroid and phytosterols, tannin, terpenoid, phenol, gum and mucilage, fat and oil, anthraquinone, cardiac glycoside, and saponine) and essential oil by hydrodistilation. Then, to assess the antibacterial activity of methanol extracts and its solvent fractions by agar well diffusion methods.During phytochemical screening test, most of phytochemicals (51.2%) had a positive result. Thus; it is a promising candidate for antibacterial agents. The antibacterial activity of M.communis L. phytochemicals were studded using agar well diffusion method against S.aureus and E.coli showed high activity (24± 1mm and 23.6 ± 0.994mm zone of inhibition in 900µg/well concentration of crude and n-butanol fractions respectively by comparing with controls of ciprophloxacineand DMSO. Thus, from the present study the plant leaf extracts and its solvent fractions of Myrtuscommunis L. showed an abundant production of phytochemicals as secondary metabolites. These phytochemicals (secondary metabolites) of Myrtuscommunis L. leaves crude extract and solvent fractions which are used for the treatment of various diseases caused by microbes.