WHAT BEHIND THE SCENE OF HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM: AN ARTICLE REVIEW

Background:Hyperemesisgravidarum is a complicated medical condition characterized by persistent severe nausea and vomiting. The incidence of hyperemesis gravidarum is about 0.5% of live births and thought to be of higher incidence in hydatidiform mole, multiple pregnancies and other medical conditions associated with elevated hormonal levels. Objectives:The aim of this article is to provide evidence-based data that summarize the causes and treatment regimens of Hyperemesis Gravidarum. Review of literature:Hyperemesisgravidarum is a multifactorial condition with various etiological factors have been identified such as hormonal, psychological, genetic and infectious factors, the exact cause and pathogenesis still unknown. The management of this medical condition involves psychological treatment in addition to antiemetic drugs, pyridoxine and vitamin replacement. We performed this literature review with focusing on articles published over the last 10 years, to examine the recent theories of possible causes and management in hyperemesis gravidarum. Conclusion:Hyperemesisgravidarum could be a life-threatening condition that occurs during the first trimester. It is a treatable condition, mostly by supportive means such as vitamins, IV Fluids, bland diet and family support. These patients can get rapidly into shock, fluid loss or electrolyte imbalance, there for pregnant women with suspected hyperemesis gravidarum must not go on without a well-developed treatment plan.