A Wonderful Hormone: Estrogen

Hormones play very important role in animal and plants. Estrogen is the hormone which present in male and females both and related to reproductive system of them. Estrogen also related with so many other body functions like Neuro-endocrine system, skeletal system, immune system. It's also related to many pathological conditions like infertility, osteoporosis, obesity, endometriosis and different kind of cancer. In human body two type of estrogen receptors (estrogen receptor alpha and estrogen receptor beta) present which is related to estrogen pharmacological action. Estrogen produces its pharmacological action via binding with DNA but currently its proof it can also produce its action without binding with DNA (non genomic method or indirect binding). Primary site of ER alpha receptor is uterus and pituitary gland and major site of ER beta receptor is granulose cells present in ovary. The studies of estrogen in mouse which proof that primary site of ER alpha is uterus and neuro endocrine system. As female mice lacking ER alpha are infertile due to impaired ovarian defects. The development of effective therapies for estrogen related diseases has relied on an understanding of the physiological roles and mechanistic functionalities of ER alpha and ER beta in various human health and disease.