Anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapy for chronic kidney disease patients

Despite recent advances in nephrology, the problem of inhibition of progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains to be completely unresolved. According to current medical statistics, kidney disease is found in 10% of adults population worldwide and requires treatment with renal replacement therapy. CKD patients are at high risk of thromboembolic events and bleeding. Uremic toxins, anemia, as well as hemo- and peritoneal dialysis affect blood clotting, platelet function and platelet interaction with the vascular wall. The stages of CKD 2-3a are associated with a 2.5-fold increase in the risk of thromboembolic complications, while in patients with CKD 3b-4 stages, the risk increases 5.5 times. The delicate balance between the risk of thromboembolic complications and bleeding is a critical issue for CKD patients. The current pharmacological market offers a wide range of antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants. Our review presents the possibility of using, advantages and disadvantages of anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents in the treatment of CKD patients as well as the prospects for further research.