Hashimoto Encephalopathy: Advanced Review of Clinical and Scientific Aspects

Hashimoto encephalopathy (HE), also known as SteroidResponsive Encephalopathy associated with Autoimmune Thyroiditis (SREAT), appears to be a form of encephalopathy that develops against the background of an increased level of antibodies; complications such as brain tumors, stroke or infection of the central nervous system have not been observed. Although the incidence of HE is relatively low, there have been reports of patient deaths and the development of status epilepticus as a result of the given pathology. This makes the earliest possible start of therapy critical issues, especially since the overwhelming majority of patients respond positively to corticosteroid therapy. However, diagnosis of HE is difficult due to its non-specific clinical features and a wide range of symptoms, including alterations in behavior, delusions, and hallucinations-exclusion of encephalopathies associated with cognitive impairments, autoimmune encephalitis, prion disease, as well as other neurological pathologies is required before a diagnosis can be made.